Getting a Migraine Diagnosis

Do you suspect you could have migraine but aren't sure? Here's a short guide on how to get started toward a diagnosis.

Start with primary care

Why primary care? A primary care provider that you trust is a great place to start. While migraine is woefully undertaught in medical school, primary care providers are taught the basics of migraine. They can help with initial treatment and refer you to a specialist if needed.

Make a dedicated headache appointment

The key is to dedicate an appointment specifically to discuss your head pain and other symptoms. People tend to tack on a mention of headaches as part of an appointment for different concerns. But if head pain is impacting your life, a few minutes isn't enough time to address the concern. Instead, schedule an appointment specifically for your head pain and use the suggestions below to maximize the time you have.

Take some time to prepare

Having a concise, one-page printed summary of the most critical information will help you guide the appointment. This ensures you use the limited time you have with your healthcare provider efficiently and effectively. Here's what to include:

Current, most problematic symptoms

Clearly describe the pain you're experiencing. Is it sharp, throbbing, or dull? Does it occur on one side of your head or all over? Are there other symptoms accompanying the pain, like nausea, sensitivity to light, or visual disturbances? Focus on the details that most interfere with your daily life. Be as specific as possible—this helps your healthcare provider understand what you're dealing with and start considering potential diagnoses.

Current medications

List all the medications you're currently taking, not just those for head pain. Include vitamins, supplements, and over-the-counter medications. This comprehensive view helps your provider identify potential interactions or side effects that may be contributing to your head pain.

Medications for headaches

If you're already taking something for your head pain, list the name of the medication, the dosage, and how often you take it. Honesty is critical here, even if you think the provider might be critical of the information you provide. Knowing exactly what you're taking and how often helps identify the scope of your head pain and guides your healthcare provider in recommending a treatment plan for you.

Major concerns and questions

Reflect on your biggest worries about your head pain. Do you feel like your current treatments aren't helping? Are you concerned with how much it is interfering with your daily activities? Write these concerns down. If you have specific questions, include those too. For example, you might ask, "What could be causing my headaches?" or "How can I reduce the frequency of my attacks?" Even questions that seem unrelated to you could be crucial in helping your provider see the bigger picture.

During the appointment

When you meet with your primary care provider, take two copies of your printed summary with you—one for them and one for you to use as a guide for the conversation. This ensures you cover all the important points without forgetting anything in the moment.

Q&A

Answer questions as concisely and honestly as you can to ensure your healthcare provider has the best information to help you. And be sure to ask any questions about the diagnosis or treatment they suggest, so you're not left with lingering concerns.

Take notes

The appointment will likely be full of new information. Taking notes—or taking someone with you to your appointment to take notes—will help you keep track of all the details when the appointment is over.

Ask about next steps after a migraine diagnosis

If you are diagnosed with migraine, ask about both acute and preventive treatments. Acute treatments are designed to stop migraine attacks while they are happening. Preventive treatments aim to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks over time. Understanding both options gives you the best chance at managing your condition effectively.

Whatever diagnosis you receive, if any, ask for recommendations from other providers who can help you. For some people, migraine treatment is as simple as a one-time diagnosis and prescription. Others need more comprehensive treatment, so it's good to know other providers who can provide treatment or a second opinion.

You’ve got this

Seeking a diagnosis for head pain can feel overwhelming, but breaking it into manageable steps makes the process less daunting. By preparing a clear and concise summary and dedicating time specifically to your head pain, your appointment will be most productive. It can be hard to overcome the stigma of migraine to talk to your health care provider, but getting an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan is crucial to managing your pain and other symptoms.